YUSOSEN!
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(JUKO MARU as KAMIKAZE MARU prewar- Berend van der Wal collection)
IJN JUKO MARU:
Tabular Record of Movement
© 2008-2020 Bob Hackett and Peter Cundall.
Revision 4
22 February 1938:
Shimizu. Laid down at Kanasashi Zosensho K.K. shipyard as a 478-ton tanker for Hayayama Sekiyu K.K., Tokyo.
21 July 1938:
Launched and named KAMIKAZE MARU.
28 December 1938:
Completed and registgered at Tokyo. Her gross registered tonnage (GRT) and net registered tonage (NRT) repectively are 478-tons and 300-tons. Her call sign is JZIM. [1]
1939:
Ownership and port of registry transfers to Taiyo Kogyo K.K., Kobe. Renamed JUKO MARU. Her NRT is changed to 290-tons.
18 February 1941:
Requisitioned by the IJN.
1941:
Attached to the China Area Fleet.
21 February 1941:
Serves on the Yangtze River, China as a fuel replenishment ship.
30 April 1941:
Departs the Yangtze River.
15 October 1941:
Registered in the Sasebo Naval District as an auxiliary transport (oil supply) under order No. 1256. Tactically assigned to the China Area fleet as an auxiliary transport, Otsu category. [2].
2 May 1942:
Arrives at Taichow Liehtao Island group, China and refuels auxiliary gunboat SHINKO MARU No. 1 GO. Later that month transfers to Shihpu, China.
20 May 1942:
At Shihpu. Refuels auxiliary gunboat SHINKO MARU No. 1 GO.
9 July 1942:
Departs Shanghai, China.
10 July 1942:
Navy (Resv, unknown rank) Oyama Taro is appointed Commanding Officer.
11 July 1942:
Arrives at Sasebo.
19 July 1942:
Departs Sasebo.
21 July 1942:
Arrives at Shanghai.
22 September 1942:
Takao, Formosa (now, Kaoshiung, Taiwan). Some of OTOWASAN MARU’s oil cargo is transshipped to JUKO MARU.
3 October 1942:
Departs Shanghai.
8 October 1942:
Yuet Ching Bay, Liehtao, China. JUKO MARU refuels auxiliary gunboat SHINKO MARU No. 1 GO.
10 October 1942:
Arrives at Woosung, China.
15 October 1942:
Registered in the Sasebo Naval District as a specially installed transport (oil supply).
21 November 1942:
Hong Kong. Some of OTOWASAN MARU’s oil cargo is transshipped to JUKO MARU.
24 December 1942:
Departs Shanghai.
27 December 1942:
Arrives at Sasebo.
1943:
Ownership is transferred to the Horai Tanker Co. Port of registration changes to Tokyo.
15 January 1943:
Departs Sasebo.
18 January 1943:
Arrives at Shanghai.
5 February 1943:
Departs Shanghai.
6 February 1943:
Arrives at Saishu To (now Chejudo/Jeju-do) Island, Chosen (Korea)
9 February 1943:
Departs Saishu To.
11 February 1943:
Arrives at Chinkai (Chinhae) naval base, Chosen (now Chinhae, South Korea).
13 February 1943:
Departs Chinkai.
15 February 1943:
Arrives at Shanghai.
22 February 1943:
Departs Shanghai.
26 February 1943:
Arrives at Chinkai.
28 February 1943:
Departs Chinkai.
1 March 1943:
Arrives at Katoshima, Busan (Fusan/Pusan), Chosen (also know as Katoku To, Kadoku To or Kadong To, now Gadeongdo, Busan, South Korea).
3 March 1943:
Departs Katoshima.
4 March 1943:
Arrives at Shanghai.
9 March 1943:
Departs Shanghai.
12 March 1943:
Arrives at Sasebo.
15 March 1943:
Departs Sasebo.
19 March 1943:
Arrives at Shanghai.
30 April 1943:
Departs Shanghai.
8 May 1943:
Arrives at Mako, Pescadores (now Magong, Penghu Islands, Taiwan).
11 May 1943:
Departs Mako.
17 May 1943:
Arrives at Shanghai.
2 July 1943:
Departs Shanghai.
3 July 1943:
Arrives at Ting Hai.
7 July 1943:
Departs Ting Hai, China.
8 July 1943:
Arrives at Shanghai.
30 December 1943:
Departs Shanghai in convoy MO-006 also consisting of NARUTO, WAZAN, NISSHO, MISHIMA and KORYU MARUs. At 1520, minesweeper W-15 starts escorting convoy MO-006.
3 January 1944:
At 0200, minesweeper W-15 detaches and heads towards Sasebo. At 0855, arrives at Sasebo.
1 May 1944:
At 0400 departs Manila, Philippines escorting a convoy also consisting of KANAN, JAMBI MARUs and UNKAI MARU No. 12 escorted by minesweeper W-101.
4 May 1944:
At 1900, UNKAI MARU No. 12 detaches.
5 May 1944:
Arrives at Bongao, Tawi Tawi Island, Philippines.
6 May 1944:
Departs Bongao.
7 May 1944:
At 1700 arrives at Tarakan, Borneo, Netherlands East Indies, (Now Kalimantan, Indonesia).
12 July 1944:
Departs Takao in convoy MI-06. At 0745, detaches.
13 July 1944:
Arrives at Kirun, Formosa (now Keelung, Taiwan).
1 August 1944:
Assigned to the Takao Security Guard. Rated as a Takao Security Guard Unit.
6 August 1944:
Departs Shanghai.
10 August 1944:
Arrives at Takao.
17 August 1944:
Departs Takao. Later that day, arrives at Saei, Formosa (now Tsoying, Taiwan).
18 August 1944:
Departs Saei. Later that day, arrives at Takao.
19 August 1944:
Reassigned to the Takao supply depot.
20 August 1944:
Departs Takao.
21 August 1944:
Arrives at Kirun (Keelung).
23 August 1944:
Departs Kirun.
24 August 1944:
Arrives at Takao.
26 August 1944:
Departs Takao. Later that day, arrives at Saei.
29 August 1944:
Departs Saei. Later that day, arrives at Takao.
31 August 1944:
Departs Takao. Later that day, arrives at Saei.
4 September 1944:
Departs Saei.
5 September 1944:
Arrives at Kirun.
12 September 1944:
Departs Kirun.
13 September 1944:
Arrives at Takao.
14 September 1944:
Departs Takao.
19 September 1944:
Arrives at Saei.
22 September 1944:
At the Saei Army Supply Depot, loads aviation gas from tanker OTOWASAN MARU. Later that day, departs Saei.
12 October 1944:
Vice Admiral Marc A. Mitscher’s Task Force 38’s aircraft attack shipping, airfields and industrial targets on Formosa. JUKO MARU sustains damage to her hull.
13 October 1944:
Task Force 38’s air strikes continue.
14 October 1944:
The air strikes continue.
15 October 1944:
JUKO MARU undergoes battle-damage repairs.
3 November 1944:
Repairs are completed.
4 November 1944:
Departs Saei. Arrives at Mako.
15 November 1944:
Departs Mako. Later that day, arrives at Takao.
18 November 1944:
Departs Takao.
20 November 1944:
Arrives at Hong Kong.
21 November 1944:
Hong Kong. Takes on a cargo of heavy oil from fleet tanker SAN DIEGO MARU. Some of tanker OTOWASAN MARU’s oil cargo is also transshipped to JUKO MARU.
25 November 1944:
Departs Hong Kong.
27 November 1944:
Arrives at Mako.
29 November 1944:
Departs Mako.
30 November 1944:
Arrives at Kirun.
9 January 1945:
Takao, Formosa. JUKO MARU is bombed and sunk by aircraft of TF 38. [3]
9 August 1945:
Onagawa Bay, Japan. Aircraft from Task Force 38 bomb and sink JUKO MARU in shallow water off Hamada at 39-30N, 142-04E. [3]
Nagasaki. The same day, Major (later Brig Gen, ANG) Charles W. Sweeney's B-29 "Superfortress", nicknamed "BOCKSCAR", of Sweeney's 393rd Bomb Squadron of the 509th Composite Group drops the second atomic bomb, "Fat Man". Japan agrees to an end of hostilities within a week.
15 September 1945:
Removed from the Navy List.
Author's Notes:
[1] NRT is a ship's cargo volume capacity expressed in "register tons", one of which equals to a volume of 100 cubic feet (2.83 m3). It is calculated by subtracting non-revenue-earning spaces i.e. spaces not available for carrying cargo, for example engine rooms, fuel tanks and crew quarters, from the ship's gross register tonnage (GRT). Net register tonnage (NRT) is not a measure of the weight of the ship or its cargo, and should not be confused with terms such as deadweight tonnage or displacement.
[2] There were two categories of Yusosen. (Ko) category with an IJN Captain as supervisor aboard and (Otsu) category without.
[3] Many sources claim JUKO MARU was sunk 9 August 1945 at Onagawa Port by aircraft of TF 38. It is probable JUKO MARU was raised from Takao and finally sunk at Onagawa.
-Thanks go to Sander Kingsepp, Berend van der Wal and to Gilbert Casse for assistance. Thanks also go to Gengoro S. Toda of Japan.
- Bob Hackett and Peter Cundall.
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